编者按：习近平生态文明思想是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分，是新时代我国生态文明建设的根本遵循和行动指南，在国际上传播好、解释好、宣传好习近平生态文明思想意义重大。北京林业大学始终把生态文明建设作为立校之本、发展之基，自觉肩负起生态文明宣传教育责任，使习近平生态文明思想引领贯穿人才培养全过程和各领域，把习近平生态文明思想的实践要求转化为青年的思想自觉、政治自觉、行动自觉。为进一步向国际社会传播习近平生态文明思想，共谋全球生态文明建设，本系列摘编整理了新时代生态文明建设领域双语资料，以期增进国际社会对中国生态文明建设的了解，推动生态文明宣传教育工作，形成宣传思想文化的国际合力。

Editor's note: Xi Jinping thought on ecological civilization is an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. It provides fundamental principles and guidance for action in the new era. It is of great significance to spread, explain and publicize Xi Jinping thought on eco-civilization internationally. In answer to the national project, Beijing Forestry University takes the construction of ecological civilization as the driving force and development foundation. BFU takes it upon the shoulder to strengthen publicity and education on ecological civilization and promote green technology innovation, making Xi Jinping Thought on Eco-civilization dominate the whole process and every field of talent cultivation. BFU has been committed to raising green awareness among young people and promoting action to implement Xi Jinping Thought on Eco-civilization.

The view of Baishuitai in Sanba Township, Shangri-la. (from Xinhuanet)

水污染防治行动计划

Water Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan

中共中央、国务院高度重视水污染防治工作。2015 年 4 月，国务院印发《水污染防治行动计划》（简称“水十条”），以改善水环境质量为核心，按照“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”的原则，贯彻“安全、清洁、健康”方针，对江河湖海实施分流域、分区域、分阶段科学治理，要求形成“政府统领、企业施治、市场驱动、公众参与” 的水污染防治新机制，系统推进水污染防治、水生态保护和水资源管理。

China’s central authorities have attached great importance to water pollution prevention and control. In April 2015, the State Council released the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan. Focusing on improving the water environment, the document prioritized water conservation and aimed to bring about balanced spatial layout with systematic treatment. It required to have science-based treatment of different rivers and lakes and different regions of the sea areas, put in place a mechanism with government guidance, actions by enterprises, market drive and public participation in water pollution control, and advance water pollution prevention and control, water ecosystem protection, and water resources conserve in systematical way.

《水污染防治行动计划》确定了十个方面的措施，即全面控制污染物排放；推动经济结构转型升级；着力节约保护水资源；强化科技支撑；充分发挥市场机制作用；严格环境执法监管；切实加强水环境管理；全力保障水生态 环境安全；明确和落实各方责任；强化公众参与和社会监督。

The document listed measures in ten aspects:

* controlling the discharge of pollutants across the board,

* transforming and upgrading the economic structure,

* conserving and protecting water resources,

* providing technological support,

* giving full play to the market,

* reinforcing environment-related law enforcement and supervision,

* enhancing management of the water environment,

* ensuring water ecosystem security,

* clarifying responsibilities of all parties involved, and

* encouraging public participation and scrutiny.

近年来，全国各级各部门持续开展碧水保卫战，水生态环境发生历史性、转折性、全局性变化。到 2020 年，全国地表水优良水体比例由 66%提高到 83.4%，劣 V 类水体 比例由 9.7%下降到 0.6%，地级及以上城市 2914 个黑臭水 体消除比例达到 98.2%，人民群众饮水安全建立了可靠保证。“十四五”时期，中国水生态环境保护工作将以“有河有水、有鱼有草、人水和谐”为工作目标，以水生态保护修复为核心，努力实现由污染治理为主向水生态、水环境、水资源等流域要素系统治理、统筹推进的转变，为建设美丽 中国奠定基础。

In recent years, relevant government departments have joined the campaign to keep the waters clear, and historic, overall changes have taken place in the water ecosystem. By 2020, the proportion of surface water with a quality rating of Grade III or better stood at 83.4 percent, while the proportion of that worse than Grade V dropped to 0.6 percent, and 98.2 percent of the 2,914 previously black, malodorous water bodies in cities at or above prefecture level had been eliminated. With this, more people now have access to safe drinking water.

During the 14th Five-year Plan period (2021-2025), China will continue with its water ecosystem protection, so that there will be clear waters, plenty of fish and aquatic plants in the rivers, and harmony between man and water. Centering on water ecosystem protection and restoration, it will turn from pollution control to holistic treatment of water ecosystem, water environment and water resources, thus laying a sound foundation for a beautiful China.

(From Keywords to Understand China: Ecological Civilization)